Alert Interface and Handle JavaScript Alerts in Selenium

What is an Alert?

• Alert is a small message box which displays on-screen notification to give the user some kind of information or ask for permission to perform certain kind of operation. It may be also used for warning purpose.
• There are many user actions that can result in an alert on screen. For e.g. user clicked on a button that displayed a message or may be when you entered a form, HTML page asked you for some extra information. So in this video we will learn Handling of Alerts, JavaScript Alerts and PopUp Boxes.

There are two types of alerts that we would be focusing on majorly:

• Web-based alert pop-ups
• Windows-based alert pop-ups

Handling windows based pop-ups is beyond Web Driver's capabilities, thus we would exercise some third-party utilities to handle window pop-ups.

Types of Web Based/Java Script Alerts

Java scrip provides mainly following three types of alerts:

1. Simple alert("This is a simple alert");

2. confirmation alert- confirm("Confirm pop up with OK and Cancel button");

3. prompt- prompt("Do you like ATI?", "Yes/No");

There are the four methods that we would be using along with the Alert interface.

• void dismiss() – The dismiss() method clicks on the “Cancel” button as soon as the pop up window appears.
• void accept() – The accept() method clicks on the “Ok” button as soon as the pop up window appears.
• String getText() – The getText() method returns the text displayed on the alert box.
• void sendKeys(String stringToSend) – The sendKeys() method enters the specified string pattern into the alert box.

Simple Alert Program:

import org.openqa.selenium.Alert;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

public class SimpleAlertDemo {

 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
  
  WebDriver driver;
  System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver",
    "C:\\Users\\Hitendra\\Downloads\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe");
  driver = new ChromeDriver();
  driver.manage().window().maximize();
  driver.get("https://www.automationtestinginsider.com/2019/08/textarea-textarea-element-defines-multi.html");
  Thread.sleep(2000);
  driver.findElement(By.id("simpleAlert")).click();
  Alert alert=driver.switchTo().alert();
  String alertText=alert.getText();
  System.out.println("Alert Text is: "+alertText);
  Thread.sleep(2000);
  alert.accept();
  driver.close();
 }
}

Output:

Alert Text is: Simple Alert

This is a Simple Alert

Confirmation Alert Demo:

import org.openqa.selenium.Alert;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.NoAlertPresentException;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

public class ConfirmationAlertDemo {

 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

  WebDriver driver;
  System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver",
    "C:\\Users\\Hitendra\\Downloads\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe");
  driver = new ChromeDriver();
  driver.manage().window().maximize();
  driver.get("https://www.automationtestinginsider.com/2019/08/textarea-textarea-element-defines-multi.html");
  // Thread.sleep(2000);

  driver.findElement(By.id("confirmationAlert")).click();

  if (isAlertPresent(driver)) {
   System.out.println("Alert is present");
  } else {
   System.out.println("Alert is not present");
  }
  driver.close();
 }

 public static boolean isAlertPresent(WebDriver ldriver) {

  try {
   Alert alert = ldriver.switchTo().alert();
   String alerteTxt = alert.getText();
   alert.accept();
   //alert.dismiss();
  } catch (NoAlertPresentException e) {
   // TODO Auto-generated catch block
  }
  return false;
 }
}

Output:

Alert is present

Prompt Alert Demo:

import org.openqa.selenium.Alert;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class PromptAlertDemo {

 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

  WebDriver driver;
  System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver",
    "C:\\Users\\Hitendra\\Downloads\\geckodriver-v0.26.0-win64\\geckodriver.exe");
  driver = new FirefoxDriver();
  driver.manage().window().maximize();
  driver.get("https://www.automationtestinginsider.com/2019/08/textarea-textarea-element-defines-multi.html");
  Thread.sleep(3000);
  driver.findElement(By.id("promptAlert")).click();
  Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
  Thread.sleep(2000);
  String alertText = alert.getText();
  System.out.println("Alert Text is: " + alertText);
  alert.sendKeys("Yes");
  Thread.sleep(2000);
  alert.accept();
  driver.close();
 }
}

Output:

Alert Text is: Do you like ATI?

Please refer below youtube video to get more details: