1. How do I launch the browser using WebDriver?
Answer:
Launching Firefox Browser
Firefox is one of the most widely used browsers in
automation. The following steps are required to launch the firefox browser.
1.Download geckodriver.exe from GeckoDriver Github Release
Page. Make sure to download the right driver file based on your platform and OS
version.
2.Set the System Property for “webdriver.gecko.driver” with
the geckodriver.exe path –
System.setProperty(“webdriver.gecko.driver”,”geckodriver.exe path”);
public class FirefoxBrowserLaunchDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Creating a driver object referencing WebDriver interface
WebDriver driver;
//Setting webdriver.gecko.driver property
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", pathToGeckoDriver + "\\geckodriver.exe");
//Instantiating driver object and launching browser
driver = new FirefoxDriver();
//Using get() method to open a webpage
driver.get("http://automationtestinginsider.com");
//Closing the browser
driver.quit();
}
}
Launching Chrome Browser
1.Download the latest ChromeDriver binary from Chromium.org
download page and place the executable on your local machine.
2.Set the webdriver.chrome.driver property to the
chromeDriver.exe’s location as-
System.setProperty(“webdriver.chrome.driver”,
“chromeDriver.exe path”);
public class ChromeBrowserLaunchDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Creating a driver object referencing WebDriver interface
WebDriver driver;
//Setting the webdriver.chrome.driver property to its executable's location
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "/lib/chromeDriver/chromedriver.exe");
//Instantiating driver object
driver = new ChromeDriver();
//Using get() method to open a webpage
driver.get("http://automationtestinginsider.com");
//Closing the browser
driver.quit();
}
}
Launching Internet Explorer Browser
Like ChromeDriver, InternetExplorer driver also requires
setting up the “webdriver.ie.driver” property with the location of
IEDriverServer.exe. The IEDriverServer.exe can be downloaded from here.
public class IEBrowserLaunchDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Creating a driver object referencing WebDriver interface
WebDriver driver;
//Setting the webdriver.ie.driver property to its executable's location
System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "/lib/IEDriverServer/IEDriverServer.exe");
//Instantiating driver object
driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
//Using get() method to open a webpage
driver.get("http://automationtestinginsider.com");
//Closing the browser
driver.quit();
}
}
2. How do you use
findElement() and findElements()?
Answer: findElement():
findElement() is used to find the first element in the current web page
matching to the specified locator value. Take a note that only first matching
element would be fetched.
Syntax:
WebElement element =
driver.findElements(By.xpath(“//div[@id=’example’]//ul//li”));
findElements(): findElements() is used to find all the
elements in the current web page matching to the specified locator value. Take
a note that all the matching elements would be fetched and stored in the list
of WebElements.
Syntax:
List <WebElement> elementList =
driver.findElements(By.xpath(“//div[@id=’example’]//ul//li”));
3. How can you find whether an element is displayed on
the screen using Selenium?
Answer: WebDriver
facilitates the user with the following methods to check the visibility of the
web elements. These web elements can be buttons, drop boxes, checkboxes, radio
buttons, labels etc.
isDisplayed()
isSelected()
isEnabled()
4. How can we get a text on a web element using Selenium?
Answer: Get
command is used to retrieve the inner text of the specified web element. The
command doesn’t require any parameter but returns a string value. It is also
one of the extensively used commands for verification of messages, labels,
errors etc displayed on the web pages.
Using getText() method.
String eleText=
driver.findElement(By.xpath(“ ”)).getText();
5. How to type into a text box using Selenium?
Answer: User
can use sendKeys(“String to be entered”) to enter the string in the textbox.
WebElement username=
driver.findElement(By.id("uname"));
username.sendKeys("testusername");
6. How to select a check box in Selenium?
Answer: WebElement
option1 = driver.findElement(By.id("checkbox123"));
// This will Toggle the Check box
option1.click();
7. How to press enter key in selenium
Answer: driver.findElement(By.id("Value")).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);
8. How to enter input in textbox without using sendkeys
Answer: You
can use Javascript Executer to input text into a text box without using
sendKeys() method:
// Initialize JS object
JavascriptExecutor JS = (JavascriptExecutor)webdriver;
// Enter username
JS.executeScript("document.getElementById('User').value='admin'");
// Enter password
JS.executeScript("document.getElementById('Password').value='password123'");
9. How to get no of frame present
Answer:
//First finding the elements using any of locator strategy
List<WebElement> iframList = driver.findElements(By.tagName("iframe"));
//First finding the elements using any of locator strategy
List<WebElement> iframList = driver.findElements(By.tagName("iframe"));
int totalFrames =
iframList.size();
System.out.println("No of Frames:" + totalFrames);
Complete Article: https://www.automationtestinginsider.com/2020/02/handling-iframes-in-selenium-webdriver.html
10. How to handle new tab?
Answer: Please
refer below article on how to handle multiple windows/tabs
11. What
are the three ways to initialize webdriver?
Answer: Answer will be provided soon.
12. How to select all the check boxes in a page?
Answer: Below is the sample script given:
List<WebElement> list = driver.findElements(By.Xpath("//input[type='checkbox']"));
List<WebElement> list = driver.findElements(By.Xpath("//input[type='checkbox']"));
for(WebElement el : list){
if(!el.isSelected()) // validate Checked property, otherwise you'll
uncheck!
el.click();
}
13. How to verify whether the checkbox option or radio
button is selected or not?
Answer:
String str =
driver.findElement(By.id("26110162")).getAttribute("checked");
if (str.equalsIgnoreCase("true"))
{
System.out.println("Checkbox selected");
}
14. What is the alternative way to click on login button?
Answer: use submit() method but it can be used only
when attribute type=submit.
15. How to handle a drop-down field and select a value
from it using Selenium?
Answer: Value in the drop down can be selected using
WebDriver’s Select class.
Syntax:
selectByValue:
Select selectByValue = new
Select(driver.findElement(By.id(“SelectID_One”)));
selectByValue.selectByValue(“greenvalue”);
selectByVisibleText:
Select selectByVisibleText = new Select (driver.findElement(By.id(“SelectID_Two”)));
selectByVisibleText.selectByVisibleText(“Lime”);
selectByIndex:
Select selectByIndex = new
Select(driver.findElement(By.id(“SelectID_Three”)));
selectByIndex.selectByIndex(2);
16. How to check which option in the drop-down is selected?
Answer: You
should be able to get the text using getText() (for the option element you got
using getFirstSelectedOption()
Select select = new
Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select")));
WebElement option = select.getFirstSelectedOption();
String defaultItem = option.getText();
System.out.println(defaultItem );
17. How to select a third value from a drop-down field?
Answer:
Sample HTML
<html>
Sample HTML
<html>
<body>
<select id = "designation">
<option value = "MD">MD</option>
<option value = "prog"> Programmer
</option>
<option value = "CEO"> Chief Executive
Officer </option>
</option>
</select>
<body>
</html>
Now to identify dropdown do
Select dropdown = new
Select(driver.findElement(By.id("designation")));
To select its option say 'CEO' you can do
dropdown.selectByVisibleText("CEO");
or
dropdown.selectByIndex(2);
or
dropdown.selectByValue("CEO");
18. How to find more than one web element in to a list?
Answer: At times, we may come across elements of same
type like multiple hyperlinks, images etc arranged in an ordered or unordered
list. Thus, it makes absolute sense to deal with such elements by a single
piece of code and this can be done using WebElement List.
Sample Code
// Storing the list
List <WebElement> elementList =
driver.findElements(By.xpath("//div[@id='example']//ul//li"));
// Fetching the size of the list
int listSize = elementList.size();
for (int i=0; i<listSize; i++)
{
// Clicking on each service provider link
serviceProviderLinks.get(i).click();
// Navigating back to the previous page that stores link to service
providers
driver.navigate().back();
}
Please refer below link to get more details on multi select actions in selenium
Please refer below link to get more details on multi select actions in selenium
19. How to handle frames in WebDriver?
Answer: An
inline frame acronym as iframe is used to insert another document with in the
current HTML document or simply a web page into a web page by enabling nesting.
Select iframe by id
driver.switchTo().frame(“ID of the frame“);
Locating iframe using tagName
driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElements(By.tagName(“iframe”).get(0));
Locating iframe using index
frame(index)
Example:
Example:
driver.switchTo().frame(0);
frame(Name of Frame)
driver.switchTo().frame(“name of the frame”);
frame(WebElement element)
Select Parent Window
driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
Please refer below link to get more details on iframe in selenium
Please refer below link to get more details on iframe in selenium
20. How to click on a hyperlink using Selenium WebDriver?
Answer: driver.findElement(By.linkText(“Google”)).click();
The command finds the element using link text and then click
on that element and thus the user would be re-directed to the corresponding
page.
The above mentioned link can also be accessed by using the
following command.
driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText(“Goo”)).click();
The above command find the element based on the substring of
the link provided in the parenthesis and thus partialLinkText() finds the web
element with the specified substring and then clicks on it.
21. How to read and verify the text on the tooltip using
Selenium WebDriver?
Answer: please
refer below link
22. How to execute JavaScript in Selenium?
Answer: JavaScriptExecutor
is an interface which provides mechanism to execute Javascript through selenium
driver. It provides “executescript” & “executeAsyncScript” methods, to run
JavaScript in the context of the currently selected frame or window
JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
js.executeScript(Script,Arguments);
23. How can we handle window based pop up using Selenium?
Answer: Selenium
is an automation testing tool which supports only web application testing.
Therefore, windows pop up cannot be handled using Selenium.
But we can handle it using third party tool like AutoIT.
Please refer below link.
24. How can we handle web-based pop up using Selenium?
Answer: WebDriver
offers the users with a very efficient way to handle these pop ups using Alert
interface. There are the four methods that we would be using along with the
Alert interface.
• void
dismiss() – The accept() method clicks on the “Cancel” button as soon as the
pop up window appears.
• void
accept() – The accept() method clicks on the “Ok” button as soon as the pop up
window appears.
• String
getText() – The getText() method returns the text displayed on the alert box.
• void
sendKeys(String stringToSend) – The sendKeys() method enters the specified
string pattern into the alert box.
Syntax:
// accepting javascript alert
Alert
alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
alert.accept();
Please refer below link to get more details on popups in selenium
Please refer below link to get more details on popups in selenium
25. How to assert title of the web page?
Answer: //verify the title of the web page
assertTrue(“The title of the window is
incorrect.”,driver.getTitle().equals(“Title of the page”));
26. How to mouse hover on a web element using WebDriver?
Answer: WebDriver
offers a wide range of interaction utilities that the user can exploit to
automate mouse and keyboard events. Action Interface is one such utility which
simulates the single user interactions.
Thus, In the following scenario, we have used Action
Interface to mouse hover on a drop down which then opens a list of options.
Sample Code:
// Instantiating Action Interface
Actions actions=new Actions(driver);
// howering on the dropdown
actions.moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.id("id of
the dropdown"))).perform();
// Clicking on one of the items in the list options
WebElement subLinkOption=driver.findElement(By.id("id
of the sub link"));
subLinkOption.click();
27. How to capture screen-shot in Selenium WebDriver ?
Answer: Below is the sample script given:
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.openqa.selenium.OutputType;
import org.openqa.selenium.TakesScreenshot;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
public class CaptureScreenshot {
WebDriver driver;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://google.com");
}
@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void test() throws IOException {
// Code to capture the screenshot
File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
// Code to copy the screenshot in the desired location
FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, newFile("C:\\CaptureScreenshot\\google.jpg"));
}
}
28. How to login into any site if it is showing an
authentication pop-up for Username and Password?
Answer: Please
refer below link
29. How to input text into the text box fields without
calling the sendKeys()?
Answer: In
above example we have used javaScript to locate the Search Textbox and set the
“ATI” value in it.
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("http://www.google.com");
JavascriptExecutor myExecutor = ((JavascriptExecutor)
driver);
myExecutor.executeScript("document.getElementsByName('q')[0].value='ATI'");
driver.quit();
30. How to clear the text inside the text box fields
using Selenium WebDriver?
Answer: clear( ) predefined method of Selenium
'WebDriver' Class is used to clear the text entered or displayed in the text
fields.
Without Clear method:
public class Clear {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("enter the string which you want to send and then clean");
String input = in.next();
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://www.google.co.in/?gfe_rd=cr&ei=zQmQU9D3OoyK8QfpxoDQBA&gws_rd=ssl");
WebElement box = driver.findElement(By.name("q"));
box.sendKeys(input);
Thread.sleep(5000); //simply wait to see that input string has been sent to box
//this for block is used to clear the input from box
//this we can do by using clear method but clear sometime won't work so use this way
//box.clear();
box.sendKeys(Keys.chord(Keys.CONTROL,"a"));
box.sendKeys(Keys.BACK_SPACE);
}
}
31. How to get an attribute value of an element using Selenium WebDriver?
Answer:
Sample HTML
<button name="btnK" id="gbqfba"
aria-label="Google Search" class="gbqfba"><span
id="gbqfsa">Google Search</span></button>
Selenium Script
Selenium Script
WebElement googleSearchBtn =
driver.findElement(bySearchButton);
System.out.println("Name of the button is:- "
+googleSearchBtn.getAttribute("name"));
32. How to press Enter key on text box in Selenium
WebDriver?
Answer: For pressing Enter key over a textbox we can
pass Keys.ENTER or Keys.RETURN to the sendKeys method for that textbox.
WebElement textbox =
driver.findElement(By.id("idOfElement"));
textbox.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);
Or
WebElement textbox = driver.findElement(By.id("idOfElement"));
textbox.sendKeys(Keys.RETURN);
33. How to pause a text execution for 5 seconds at a
specific point?
Answer: Thread.sleep(5000);
34. What is an alternative to driver.get() method to open
a URL using Selenium WebDriver?
Answer: Navigating
to a URL is very common, then driver.get() is a convenient way. However, it
does the same function as the driver.navigate().to(“url”)
35. How to delete cookies in Selenium?
Answer: Below is the sample script given:
public void deleteCookieNamedExample()
{
driver= new FirefoxDriver();
String URL="http://www.flipkart.com";
driver.navigate().to(URL);
//Delete particular cookie
driver.manage().deleteCookieNamed("__utmb");
//Delete all cookies
driver.manage().deleteAllCookies();
}
36. How
to handle hidden elements in Selenium WebDriver?
Answer:
37. How can you find broken links in a page using
Selenium WebDriver?
Answer: One of the key test case is to find broken
links on a webpage. Due to existence of broken links, your website reputation
gets damaged and there will be a negative impact on your business. It’s
mandatory to find and fix all the broken links before release. If a link is not
working, we face a message as 404 Page Not Found.
Let’s see some of the HTTP status codes.
200 – Valid Link
404 – Link not found
400 – Bad request
401 – Unauthorized
500 – Internal Error
Consider a test case to test all the links in the home page
of “automationtestinginsider.com”
Below code fetches all the links of a given website (i.e.,
utomationtestinginsider.com) using WebDriver commands and reads the status of
each href link with the help of HttpURLConnection class.
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
public class BrokenLinks {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
//Instantiating FirefoxDriver
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "D:\\Selenium Environment\\Drivers\\geckodriver.exe");
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
//Maximize the browser
driver.manage().window().maximize();
//Implicit wait for 10 seconds
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
//To launch automationtestinginsider.com
driver.get("https://www.automationtestinginsider.com");
//Wait for 5 seconds
Thread.sleep(5000);
//Used tagName method to collect the list of items with tagName "a"
//findElements - to find all the elements with in the current page. It returns a list of all webelements or an empty list if nothing matches
List<WebElement> links = driver.findElements(By.tagName("a"));
//To print the total number of links
System.out.println("Total links are "+links.size());
//used for loop to
for(int i=0; i<links.size(); i++) {
WebElement element = links.get(i);
//By using "href" attribute, we could get the url of the requried link
String url=element.getAttribute("href");
//calling verifyLink() method here. Passing the parameter as url which we collected in the above link
//See the detailed functionality of the verifyLink(url) method below
verifyLink(url);
}
}
// The below function verifyLink(String urlLink) verifies any broken links and return the server status.
public static void verifyLink(String urlLink) {
//Sometimes we may face exception "java.net.MalformedURLException". Keep the code in try catch block to continue the broken link analysis
try {
//Use URL Class - Create object of the URL Class and pass the urlLink as parameter
URL link = new URL(urlLink);
// Create a connection using URL object (i.e., link)
HttpURLConnection httpConn =(HttpURLConnection)link.openConnection();
//Set the timeout for 2 seconds
httpConn.setConnectTimeout(2000);
//connect using connect method
httpConn.connect();
//use getResponseCode() to get the response code.
if(httpConn.getResponseCode()== 200) {
System.out.println(urlLink+" - "+httpConn.getResponseMessage());
}
if(httpConn.getResponseCode()== 404) {
System.out.println(urlLink+" - "+httpConn.getResponseMessage());
}
}
//getResponseCode method returns = IOException - if an error occurred connecting to the server.
catch (Exception e) {
//e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
38. How to find more than one web element in the list?
Answer: findElements()
command in WebDriver can be used to find more than one web elements and save
them into a list.
1. If the provided value has the possibility to locate a
single element, we can use findElement() command and save them into a variable
of WebElement
2. If the provided locator has the possibility to locate
multiple elements, we can use findElements() command and save them into a list
of WebElement’s i.e. List<WebElement>
39. How to scroll web page up and down using Selenium
WebDriver?
Answer: Please
refer below article
40. How to perform right click (Context Click) action in
Selenium WebDriver?
Answer: Please refer below link
41. How to perform double click action in Selenium
WebDriver?
Answer: Please refer below link
42. How to perform drag and drop action in Selenium
WebDriver?
Answer: Please
refer below link
43. How to highlight elements using Selenium WebDriver?
Answer:
public class HighlighterClass {
@Test
public void highlighterElement() {
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "D:\\Selenium Environment\\Drivers\\geckodriver.exe");
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.get("https://www.gmail.com");
WebElement ele = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='Email']"));
//Call the highlighterMethod and pass webdriver and WebElement which you want to highlight as arguments.
highLighterMethod(driver,ele);
ele.sendKeys("ATI");
}
//Creating a custom function
public void highLighterMethod(WebDriver driver, WebElement element){
JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
js.executeScript("arguments[0].setAttribute('style', 'background: yellow; border: 2px solid red;');", element);
}
}
44. How to read a JavaScript variable in Selenium
WebDriver?
Answer: Its
quite easy to access any JavaScript variable from the Selenium Webdriver test
scripts. Just can simply use the below code snippet.
JavascriptExecutor JS = (JavascriptExecutor) webdriver;
// Get the current site title.
String sitetitle = (String)JS.executeScript("return
document.title");
System.out.println("My Site Title: " + sitetitle);
45. How to handle Ajax calls in Selenium WebDriver?
Answer: Handling
AJAX calls is one of the common issues when using Selenium WebDriver. We
wouldn’t know when the AJAX call would get completed and the page has been
updated. In this post, we see how to handle AJAX calls using Selenium.
AJAX stands for Asynchronous JavaScript and XML. AJAX allows
the web page to retrieve small amounts of data from the server without
reloading the entire page. AJAX sends HTTP requests from the client to server
and then process the server’s response without reloading the entire page. To
handle AJAX controls, wait commands may not work. It’s just because the actual
page is not going to refresh.
When you click on a submit button, required information may
appear on the web page without refreshing the browser. Sometimes it may load in
a second and sometimes it may take longer. We have no control on loading time.
The best approach to handle this kind of situations in selenium is to use
dynamic waits (i.e. WebDriverWait in combination with ExpectedCondition)
titleIs() – The expected condition waits for a page with a
specific title.
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleIs(“Deal of the Day”));
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.titleIs(“Deal of the Day”));
elementToBeClickable() – The expected condition waits for an
element to be clickable i.e. it should be present/displayed/visible on the
screen as well as enabled.
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath("xpath")));
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath("xpath")));
alertIsPresent() – The expected condition waits for an alert
box to appear.
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent()) !=null);
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent()) !=null);
textToBePresentInElement() – The expected condition waits
for an element having a certain string pattern.
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElement(By.id(“title’”),
“text to be found”));
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElement(By.id(“title’”),
“text to be found”));
Please refer very good article on waits:
https://www.automationtestinginsider.com/2020/02/waits-in-selenium-webdriver.html
Please refer very good article on waits:
https://www.automationtestinginsider.com/2020/02/waits-in-selenium-webdriver.html
46. How to upload a file in Selenium WebDriver?
Answer: Please
refer below link
47. How to download a file in Selenium WebDriver?
Answer: Please
refer below link
48. How
to run Selenium WebDriver tests from command line?
Answer: Answer will be provided soon
49. How to connect to a database in Selenium?
Answer: As we
know every application has to maintain a database like My SQL, Oracle or any
other databases to store all its data. And where as Selenium Webdriver is used
for testing web applications and we perform many operations like submitting
information and some times retrieving information and validate them.
In selenium scripts, when there is a need of getting the
Data from the database we may have to use APIs which helps to interact with
database like JDBC.
Java Database Connectivity(JDBC) is a Java API which is used
to connect and interact with Database.
Why do we use JDBC instead ODBC?
ODBC is developed and written in C, which is platform
Independent. where as JDBC API is a specification provides set of interfaces
which are written and developed in Java programming language.
How to Connect to database using JDBC?
The below are the Steps to Connect to database, before
proceeding, you need to have MySQL Connector. You can download from here
Download MySQL Connector Jar and add it the build path as we add selenium
webdriver jar.
1. Load and Registering the Driver
For registering the Driver we Load the Driver class using
forName() method.
forName() is the static factory method which is present in
predefined class called "Class". This method loads the class which is
mentioned as parameter.
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");//
class.forName load the Driver class
Internally this Driver class will register the driver by
using static method called registerDriver().
2. Establishing Connection.
For establishing connection with database we call static
method called getConnection(...) present in DriverManager Class. This method
contains three arguments of string type. i.e., url, username and password
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/Employee","root","root");
URL contains "jdbc(main protocol):mysql(sub protocol
for mySql)://localhost:3306(sub name for mysql
(host:prot))/Employee(database)" and this method return type is Connection
Object ie.,
Connection
con=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/Employee","root","root");
3. Creating Statement Object
For creating statement object we need to call a method
called createStatement() which is present in Connection Interface.
con.createStatement();
And this method returns Statement object and it is no
argument method.
Statement st= con.createStatement();
4. Execute the Statement
For executing queries there are different methods present in
Statement Interface for retrieving records and for updating records.
Retrieving records:
for executing select queries(for fetching records) we call a
method called executeQuery(String qry) by taking string as parameter.
st.executeQuery("Select * from Employee");
This method returns ResultSet object.
Resultset rs= st.executeQuery("Select * from
Employee");// once executeQuery() executes the query and stores the
records in to ResultSet object.
5. Closing the connection.
Once execution of all statements were completed we need to
close all the connections by using method called close() present in Connection
interface
con.close();
public class TestDatabaseTesting {
@Test
public void TestVerifyDB(){
try {
// This will load the driver
Class.forName("sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver");
System.out.println("Driver Loaded");
// Specify the path of the database
String dblocation= "C:\\Users\\Desktop\\DB\\FacebookDB1.accdb";
// This will connect with Database , getConnection taking three argument
// first argument Test_Oracle is the dsn which you can change as per your system,
Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:odbc:AscentAccess;DBQ="+dblocation);
System.out.println("Connection created");
// This will create statement
Statement smt=con.createStatement();
System.out.println("Statement created");
// Now execute the query, here facebook is the table which I have created in DB
ResultSet rs= smt.executeQuery("Select * from Facebook");
System.out.println("Query Executed");
// Iterate the resultset now
while(rs.next()){
String uname= rs.getString("username");
String pass= rs.getString("password");
String email= rs.getString("email");
System.out.println("Uname is "+uname+" password is "+pass+" email id is "+email);
}
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
50. How to resize browser window using Selenium
WebDriver?
Answer: Below is the sample script given
public class ResizeBrowser {
@Test
public void launchBrowser() {
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver","D://Selenium Environment//Drivers//geckodriver.exe");
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.navigate().to("http://www.automationtestinginsider.com");
System.out.println(driver.manage().window().getSize());
//Create object of Dimensions class
Dimension d = new Dimension(480,620);
//Resize the current window to the given dimension
driver.manage().window().setSize(d);
System.out.println(driver.manage().window().getSize());
}
}
51. How to handle Chrome Browser notifications in
Selenium?
Answer: The pop-ups can be irritating but it hardly
will effect your script. The pop-ups are generally notifications, ads etc.
Even though if you want to remove or disable to pop-up
notifications then you can use the following code:-
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("disable-infobars");
WebDriver player = new ChromeDriver(options)
52. How to assert text on a web page using Selenium?
Answer: Below is the sample script given
WebElement el = driver.findElement(By.id(“ElementID”))
WebElement el = driver.findElement(By.id(“ElementID”))
//get text from element and stored in String variable
String text = el.getText();
//assert text from expected
Assert.assertEquals(“Element Text”, text);
53. How to find broken images in a page using Selenium
WebDriver?
Answer: Below is the sample script given
public class FindBrokenImages {
private WebDriver driver;
private int invalidImageCount;
@BeforeClass
public void setUp() {
driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("http://google.com");
}
@Test
public void validateInvalidImages() {
try {
invalidImageCount = 0;
List<WebElement> imagesList = driver.findElements(By.tagName("img"));
System.out.println("Total no. of images are " + imagesList.size());
for (WebElement imgElement : imagesList) {
if (imgElement != null) {
verifyimageActive(imgElement);
}
}
System.out.println("Total no. of invalid images are " + invalidImageCount);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
@AfterClass
public void tearDown() {
if (driver != null)
driver.quit();
}
public void verifyimageActive(WebElement imgElement) {
try {
HttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpGet request = new HttpGet(imgElement.getAttribute("src"));
HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
// verifying response code he HttpStatus should be 200 if not,
// increment as invalid images count
if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200)
invalidImageCount++;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
54. How to handle colors in Selenium WebDriver?
Answer: First
of all, we have to get a value of link color using getCssValue method. It can
be done by using below code. In the code, Products link’s CSS attribute ‘color’
is stored in a String variable called ‘color’.
We need to return value in RGB format such as “rgba(36, 93,
193, 1)”. We will convert it into more convenient Hex code using Java.
We can add an Assert statement to verify that the color is
matching with the expected color.
Please refer below program
public void GoogleAbout() throws Exception{
String color = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[@href='products/']")).getCssValue("color");
String[] hexValue = color.replace("rgba(", "").replace(")", "").split(",");
int hexValue1=Integer.parseInt(hexValue[0]);
hexValue[1] = hexValue[1].trim();
int hexValue2=Integer.parseInt(hexValue[1]);
hexValue[2] = hexValue[2].trim();
int hexValue3=Integer.parseInt(hexValue[2]);
String actualColor = String.format("#%02x%02x%02x", hexValue1, hexValue2, hexValue3);
Assert.assertEquals("#245dc1", actualColor);
}
55. Explain how you can switch back from a frame?
Answer: We can even switch to the iframe using web
element . We have to come out of the iframe. To move back to the parent frame,
you can either use switchTo(). parentFrame() or if you want to get back to the
main (or most parent) frame, you can use switchTo()
56. How can you redirect browsing from a browser through
some proxy?
Answer: The way of setting it varies depending on
Selenium Client Language Bindings and the browser you’re automating, here is an
example for Java and Chrome (assuming ChromeDriver and
org.openqa.selenium.Proxy)
Please refer below program:
import org.openqa.selenium.Proxy;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
public class ChromeWithProxy {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Proxy proxy = new Proxy();
proxy.setHttpProxy("proxyHost:proxyPort");
proxy.setSslProxy("proxyHost:proxyPort");
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setProxy(proxy);
ChromeDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("http://example.com");
driver.quit();
}
}
57. Write a code to wait for a particular element to be
visible on a page.
Answer: Below is the sample script given
@Test
public void test() throws InterruptedException, IOException
{
//To wait for element visible
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15);
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//input[@id='text3']")));
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='text3']")).sendKeys("Text box is visible now");
System.out.print("Text box text3 is now visible");
}
58. Write a code to wait for an alert to appear.
Answer:
public class Mytest1 {
WebDriver driver = null;
@Before
public void beforetest() {
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "D:\\Selenium Files\\geckodriver.exe");
driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.get("http://only-testing-blog.blogspot.in/2014/01/new-testing.html");
}
@After
public void aftertest() {
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void test ()
{
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("My Name");
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 15);
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());
String alrt = driver.switchTo().alert().getText();
System.out.print(alrt);
}
}
59. How to handle keyboard and mouse actions using
Selenium?
Answer: Please
refer below link
60. How can you fetch an attribute from an element?
Answer: The getAttribute() method returns the value
of the attribute with the specified name, of an element. Tip: Use the
getAttributeNode() method if you want to return the attribute as an Attr
object.
61. How to retrieve typed text from a text box?
Answer: To get
the typed text from a textbox, you can use getAttribute(“value”) method by
passing arg as value. Value attribute stores the typed text of the textbox
element. See the following example to know better:
String typedText = driver.findElement(By.xpath("xpath_textbox")).getAttribute("value"));
62. How to send alt or shift or control or enter or tab
key in Selenium WebDriver?
Answer: When we generally use ALT/SHIFT/CONTROL keys,
we hold onto those keys and click other buttons to achieve the special functionality.
So it is not enough just to specify keys.ALT or keys.SHIFT or
keys.CONTROLfunctions.
For the purpose of holding onto these keys while subsequent
keys are pressed, we need to define two more methods: keyDown(modifier_key) and
keyUp(modifier_key)
Parameters: Modifier_key (keys.ALT or Keys.SHIFT or
Keys.CONTROL)
Purpose: Performs a modifier key press and does not release
the modifier key. Subsequent interactions may assume it’s kept pressed.
Parameters: Modifier_key (keys.ALT or Keys.SHIFT or Keys.CONTROL)
Purpose: Performs a key release.
Hence with a combination of these two methods, we can
capture the special function of a particular key.
Below is the sample script given
Below is the sample script given
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String baseUrl = “https://www.facebook.com”;
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("baseUrl");
WebElement txtUserName = driver.findElement(By.id(“Email”);
Actions builder = new Actions(driver);
Action seriesOfActions = builder
.moveToElement(txtUerName)
.click()
.keyDown(txtUserName, Keys.SHIFT)
.sendKeys(txtUserName, “hello”)
.keyUp(txtUserName, Keys.SHIFT)
.doubleClick(txtUserName);
.contextClick();
.build();
seriesOfActions.perform();
}
63. How to switch to a new window (new tab) which opens
up after you click on a link?
Answer: If you click on a link in a web page, then
for changing the WebDriver’s focus/ reference to the new window we need to use
the switchTo() command. Look at the below example to switch to a new window:
String handle = driver.getWindowHandle();
//get the name of all the windows that were initiated by the
WebDriver
for (String handle : driver.getWindowHandles())
{
driver.switchTo().window(handle);
}
65. How to check for 404 using Selenium WebDriver?
Answer:
public class Verif404 {
public static void verifyLinkActive(String linkUrl)
{
try
{
URL url = new URL(linkUrl);
HttpURLConnection httpURLConnect=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
httpURLConnect.setConnectTimeout(3000);
httpURLConnect.connect();
if(httpURLConnect.getResponseCode()==400)
{
System.out.println(linkUrl+" - "+httpURLConnect.getResponseMessage());
}
else
{
System.out.println(linkUrl+" - "+httpURLConnect.getResponseMessage()" );
}
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
}
66. How to get HTTP Response code using Selenium
WebDriver?
Answer: This is a Java library use for general HTTP
network communication and includes supports sessions via cookies. Their fluent
API makes it relatively simple to get the response code for a URL.
public int
getResponseCode(String url) {
try {
return
Request.Get(url).execute().returnResponse().getStatusLine()
.getStatusCode();
} catch
(Exception e) {
throw new
RuntimeException(e);
}
}
67. How to stop selenium from creating temporary Firefox
profiles using web driver?
Answer:
1. You can control how the Firefox driver chooses the
profile. Set the webdriver.firefox.profile property to the name of the profile
you want to use. Most folks think this is a bad idea, because you'll inherit
all the cookies, cache contents, etc. of the previous uses of the profile, but
it's allowed if you really want to do it.
System.setProperty("webdriver.firefox.profile",
"MySeleniumProfile");
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(...);
2.
FirefoxProfile profile = new FirefoxProfile(new
File("D:\\Selenium Profile"));
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);
Then I changed settings in Firefox to clear all cookies and
cache when exiting.
68. How to close browser popup window in Selenium
WebDriver?
Answer: There're at least 3 ways to handle this case.
1. Refresh the page and then dismiss the dialog if the
driver supports it :
driver.refresh();
driver.switchTo().alert().accept();
driver.quit();
2. Setup the browser oriented driver to avoid the prompt :
// Chrome
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--disable-popup-blocking");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
// Firefox
FirefoxOptions options = new FirefoxOptions();
options.addPreference("dom.disable_beforeunload",
true)
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(options)
3. Add some JavaScript code into the page to escape the
prompt:
string JS_DISABLE_UNLOAD_DIALOG =
"Object.defineProperty(BeforeUnloadEvent.prototype, 'returnValue', {
get:function(){}, set:function(){} });"
((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(JS_DISABLE_UNLOAD_DIALOG);
driver.quit();
69. How
to select values in combo-box item using Selenium WebDriver?
Answer:
70. How to get the html source code of a particular web
element using Selenium WebDriver?
Answer: You can read innerHTML attribute to get
source of the content of the element or outerHTML for source with the current
element.
elem.getAttribute("innerHTML");
71. How
can you find the value of different attributes like name, class, value of an
element?
72. How to verify whether a button is enabled on the
page?
Answer: Below is the sample script given
public class ButtonTest{
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "C:\\Selenuim\\chromedriver2.3.exe");
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
try{
driver.get("http://register.rediff.com/register/register.php");
Thread.sleep(2000);
WebElement e = driver.findElement(By.name("btnemail"));
boolean actualValue = e.isEnabled();
if (actualValue)
System.out.println("Button is enabled");
else
System.out.println("Button is disabled");
Thread.sleep(2000);
}
catch(Exception ex){
System.out.println("Exception " + ex.getMessage());
}
finally{
driver.close();
driver.quit();
}
}
}
73. What kind of mouse actions can be performed using
Selenium?
Answer: Mouse
Events Using Selenium Actions Class API:
doubleClick (): Double clicks onElement. contextClick() :
Performs a context-click (right click) on an element. clickAndHold(): Clicks at
the present mouse location (without releasing)
74. What kind of keyboard operations can be performed in
Selenium?
Answer:
75. How to locate a link using its text in Selenium?
Answer: Below is the sample script given
driver.get("<a href="https://twitter.com/">https://twitter.com/</a>");
driver.get("<a href="https://twitter.com/">https://twitter.com/</a>");
driver.findElement(By.linkText("Sign
Up")).click(); //linkText locator for links
driver.get("<a
href="https://twitter.com/">https://twitter.com/</a>");
driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText("Sign")).click();
//partiallinkText locator for links
76. Write the program to locate/fetch all the links on a
specific web page?
Answer: Below is the sample script given
public class GetAllLinks {
public static void main(String[] args){
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
//Launching sample website
driver.get("https://www.automationtestinginsider.com");
driver.manage().window().maximize();
//Get list of web-elements with tagName - a
List<WebElement> allLinks = driver.findElements(By.tagName("a"));
//Traversing through the list and printing its text along with link address
for(WebElement link:allLinks){
System.out.println(link.getText() + " - " + link.getAttribute("href"));
}
//Commenting driver.quit() for user to verify the links printed
//driver.quit();
}
}
77. How do you get the height and width of a text box
field using Selenium?
Answer: You
can use following lines of code to get the size of a textbox on a webpage using
Selenium Webdriver:
driver.findElement(By.xpath(“xpath_textbox”)).getSize().getWidth();
driver.findElement(By.xpath(“xpath_textbox”)).getSize().getHeight();
78. How to handle alerts in Selenium WebDriver?
Answer: Please
refer below link
79. How can we submit a form in Selenium?
Answer: Below is the sample script given
//Enter username
driver.findElement(By.id("usrnm")).sendKeys("contact.automateapps@gmail.com");
//Enter password
driver.findElement(By.id("psswrd")).sendKeys("password");
//submit form
driver.findElement(By.id("password")).submit();
80. How can we fetch the title of the page in Selenium?
Answer:
//Get and verify the title of the web page
assertTrue(“The title of the window is
incorrect.”,driver.getTitle().equals(“Title of the page”));
81. How can we fetch the page source in Selenium?
Answer: There is a method called getPageSource() in
selenium webdriver.
It returns string, so you can either store it in a file or
can print it in the console.
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.googel.com/");
String str = driver.getPageSource();
System.out.println(str);
82. How
to handle HTTPS websites in Selenium? Does Selenium support them?
Answer:
83. How to accept the SSL untrusted connection?
Answer: Below is the sample script given
public class SSLCertificate {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//It create firefox profile
FirefoxProfile profile=new FirefoxProfile();
// This will set the true value
profile.setAcceptUntrustedCertificates(true);
// This will open firefox browser using above created profile
WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver(profile);
driver.get("pass the url as per your requirement");
}
}
84. How to handle AJAX popup windows?
Answer: Please
refer below link
85. How to get the number of frames on a page using
Selenium WebDriver?
Answer:
List<WebElement> iframList =
driver.findElements(By.tagName("iframe"));
int totalFrames =
iframList.size();
System.out.println("No of Frames:" + totalFrames);
86. What is the command line we have to write inside a
.bat file to execute a Selenium Project when we are using testng?
Answer:
Step 1: Open notepad
Step 2: Paste the below lines of code - You may need to add
your project location. In the example, project location is set as
'F:\Selenium\TestNGBatchExample'.
Step 3: Save the file as 'testNGBatchFile.bat' in location
that you want to save.
set projectLocation=F:\Selenium\TestNGBatchExample
cd %projectLocation%
set classpath=%projectLocation%\bin;%projectLocation%\lib\*
java org.testng.TestNG %projectLocation%\testng.xml
pause
87. How to check if a text is highlighted on the page?
Answer: You
can use following code snippet to check whether a text is highlighted on a page
using Selenium:
String color = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[text()='Shop']")).getCssValue("color");
String backcolor = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[text()='Shop']")).getCssValue("background-color");
System.out.println(color);
System.out.println(backcolor);
if(!color.equals(backcolor)){
System.out.println("Text is highlighted!")
}
else{
System.out.println("Text is not highlighted!")
}
88. How to check whether a text is underlined or not?
Answer: You
can use following code snippet to check whether a text is underlined or not.
But first you need to identify the underlined property. You can Identify by
getCssValue(“border-bottom”) or sometime getCssValue(“text-decoration”) method
if the cssValue is 'underline' for that WebElement or not.
Below is the sample script given:
Below is the sample script given:
public class UnderLine {
public static void main(String[] args) {
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
driver.get("https://www.google.co.in/?gfe_rd=ctrl&ei=bXAwU8jYN4W6iAf8zIDgDA&gws_rd=cr");
String cssValue= driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[text()='Hindi']")).getCssValue("text-decoration");
System.out.println("value"+cssValue);
Actions act = new Actions(driver);
act.moveToElement(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[text()='Hindi']"))).perform();
String cssValue1= driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[text()='Hindi']")).getCssValue("text-decoration");
System.out.println("value over"+cssValue1);
driver.close();
}
}
89. How to change the URL on a web page using Selenium
WebDriver?
Answer: You
can use some wait method and then invoke the driver again.
//open browser
driver = new
FirefoxDriver();
//login
driver.get("https://www.google.com/");
//set implicit
wait
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
//Then invoke
method again for your second request(I am not try this code maybe you need to
create new driver object)
driver.get("https://www.automationtestinginsider.com");
90. How to press Shift+Tab?
Answer: Using
chord method
String press = Keys.chord(Keys.SHIFT,Keys.ENTER);
webelement.sendKeys(press);
String press = Keys.chord(Keys.SHIFT,Keys.ENTER);
webelement.sendKeys(press);
91. Count the number of links in a page?
Answer: Below is the sample script given
List<WebElement> links = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//a")); //Identify the number of Link on webpage and assign into Webelement List
List<WebElement> links = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//a")); //Identify the number of Link on webpage and assign into Webelement List
int linkCount = links.size(); // Count the total Link list on Web Page
System.out.println("Total Number of link count on
webpage = " + linkCount); //Print the total count of links on webpage
92. Write a code to make use of assert if my username is
incorrect.
Answer: Below is the sample script given
try{
try{
Assert.assertEquals(expUserName, actUserName);
}catch(Exception e){
Syste.out.println(“name is invalid”);
}
93. What are the different methods which can be used to
verify the existence of an element on a web page?
Answer: isEnabled() is the method used to verify if the web element
is enabled or disabled within the webpage. isEnabled() is primarily used with
buttons. isSelected() is the method used to verify if the web element is
selected or not. isSelected() method is predominantly used with radio buttons,
dropdowns and checkboxes.
94. How do you retrieve the text displayed on an Alert?
Answer: There
is a method in Alert interface which gives you the text of the alert box
message. As below:
Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
alert.getText();
95. How do you type text into the text box on an Alert?
Answer: You can use sendKeys() method send some data
to a Prompt Alert Box in Selenium Webdriver. sendKeys() method takes String as
an input and is mostly used to send keyboard inputs in Selenium Webdriver.
Checkout the following command to send data to alert box:
driver.switchTo().alert().sendKeys("Dummy_text");
96. How do you capture screen-shots in Selenium and what
is the best place to have the screen-shot code?
Answer: Below is the sample script given
public class ScreenshootGoogle {
@Test
public void TestJavaS1()
{
// Open Firefox
WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();
// Maximize the window
driver.manage().window().maximize();
// Pass the url
driver.get("http://www.google.com");
// Take screenshot and store as a file format
File src= ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
try {
// now copy the screenshot to desired location using copyFile //method
FileUtils.copyFile(src, new File("C:/selenium/error.png"));
}
catch (IOException e)
{
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
97. Write a code using JavascriptExecutor to scroll the
web page?
Answer: Below is the sample script given
public class ScrollUpDown {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
WebDriver driver;
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver",
"C:\\Users\\Hitendra\\Downloads\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe");
driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://www.automationtestinginsider.com/");
Thread.sleep(2000);
JavascriptExecutor js= (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
js.executeScript("window.scrollBy(1000,0)");
}
}
98. How to switch to another window using Selenium?
Answer: Please
refer below link
99. How to set the Firefox Profile in Selenium WebDriver?
Answer:
// import the package
import java.io.File;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxProfile;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.internal.ProfilesIni;
public class FirefoxProfile {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ProfilesIni profile = new ProfilesIni();
FirefoxProfile myprofile = profile.getProfile("abcProfile");
// Initialize Firefox driver
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(myprofile);
//Maximize browser window
driver.manage().window().maximize();
//Go to URL which you want to navigate
driver.get("http://www.google.com");
//Set timeout for 5 seconds so that the page may load properly within that time
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
//close firefox browser
driver.close();
}
}
Below is the explanation of code line by line.
Code line 2-7: First of all we need to import the package
required to run the selenium code.
Code line 8: Make a public class "FirefoxProfile."
Code line 9: Make an object (you need to have basic
knowledge of oops concepts).
Code line 10-11: We need to initialize Firefox profile with
the object of myprofile .
Code line 13: Create object for Firefox
Code line 15: Maximize window.
Code line 17:Driver.get use to navigate to given URL .
Code line 19: Set timeout is used to wait for some time so
that browser may load the page before proceeding to next page.
Code line 21:Close Firefox.
100. How to read data from the XML files?
Answer:
Sample XML
<?xml version = "1.0"?>
<bank>
<account acn = "001">
<firstname>Alvin</firstname>
<lastname>Joseph</lastname>
<balance>50000</balance>
</account>
<account acn = "002">
<firstname>Mark</firstname>
<lastname>dsouza</lastname>
<balance>500</balance>
</account>
<account acn = "003">
<firstname>David</firstname>
<lastname>dsouza</lastname>
<balance>1000</balance>
</account>
</bank>
Let’s understand the code which is used for parsing the XML
file.
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.ListIterator;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
public class XMLFileReader {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try{
String filePath = "XMLFilePath";
File file = new File(filePath);
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder dBuilder = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
Document doc = dBuilder.parse(file);
doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();
System.out.println(doc.getDocumentElement().getNodeName());
NodeList nodeList = doc.getElementsByTagName("account");
int tLength = nodeList.getLength();
for(int i=0; i<tLength; i++){
Node node = nodeList.item(i);
if(node.getNodeType()==Node.ELEMENT_NODE){
Element element = (Element)node;
System.out.println("Account No: "+element.getAttribute("acn"));
System.out.println("First Name: "+element.getElementsByTagName("firstname").item(0).getTextContent());
System.out.println("Last Name: "+element.getElementsByTagName("lastname").item(0).getTextContent());
System.out.println("Balance: "+element.getElementsByTagName("balance").item(0).getTextContent());
}
}
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder dBuilder = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
These two lines of code create the instance of the DOM
architecture of the XML file.
Document doc = dBuilder.parse(file);
doc.getDocumentElement().normalize();
These codes parse the XML file and normalize it for test
data retrieval.
We use JavaScript methods to get the texts So here is the
entire program to read the test data from an XML file.
Output:
bank
Account No: 001
First Name: Alvin
Last Name: Joseph
Balance: 50000
Account No: 002
First Name: Mark
Last Name: dsouza
Balance: 500
Account No: 003
First Name: David
Last Name: dsouza
Balance: 1000
101. If we write FileInputStream statements in try block,
what are the statements we will write in finally block?
Answer:
close() statement is used to close all the open streams in a program. Its a good practice to use close() inside finally block. Since finally block executes even if exception occurs so you can be sure that all input and output streams are closed properly regardless of whether the exception occurs or not.
public class SimpleExceptionHandling {
public static void main(String[] args) {
FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
try {
fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("C:\\SomeTempFile");
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println("An exception occured :: " + e.getMessage());
System.out.println("Need to close FileStream");
} finally {
System.out.println("In Finally Block - Thank God we are here :) ");
try {
if (fileInputStream != null) {
fileInputStream.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
}
}
}
}
Output:
An exception occured :: C:\SomeTempFile (The system cannot find the file specified)
Need to close FileStream
In Finally Block - Thank God we are here :)
102. How
to capture the bitmaps in Selenium?
Answer:
103. How to select a date in a Calendar on a web page
using Selenium?
Answer: To
handle this type of control we will fill date without separating with
delimiter, i.e. if date is 03/24/2020, then we will pass 03242020 to the input
box
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class DateTimePicker {
WebDriver driver;
@Test
public void dateTimePicker(){
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver",
"C:\\Users\\Hitendra\\Downloads\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe");
driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
driver.get("https://www.automationtestinginsider.com/2019/08/textarea-textarea-element-defines-multi.html");
//Find the date time picker control
WebElement dateBox = driver.findElement(By.id("start"));
//Fill date as mm/dd/yyyy as 03/24/2020
dateBox.sendKeys("03242020");
//Press tab to shift focus to time field
dateBox.sendKeys(Keys.TAB);
//Fill time as 02:45 PM
//dateBox.sendKeys("0245PM");
driver.close();
}
}
104. How
to get columns from a table?
Answer:
105. How
to send emails from official mail id?
Answer:
106. How to achieve Singleton Design in Selenium
WebDriver?
Answer:
What is Singleton Design Pattern?
When we develop a class in such a way that it can have only
instance at any time, is called Singleton design pattern. It is very useful
when you need to use same object of a class across all classes or framework.
Singleton class must return the same instance again, if it is instantiated
again.
To create a singleton class, we need to do following steps:
Declare constructor of class as private so that no one
instantiate class outside of it.
Declare a static reference variable of class. Static is
needed to make it available globally.
Declare a static method with return type as object of class
which should check if class is already instantiated once.
class SingletonClassExample
{
// declaring an instance of class SingletonClassExample which is null initially means not initialized.
private static SingletonClassExample instanceOfSingletonClassExample = null;
// Declaring constructor as private to restrict object creation outside of class
private SingletonClassExample()
{
System.out.println("Object created");
}
// static method to create instance of class SingletonClassExample
public static SingletonClassExample getInstanceOfSingletonClassExample()
{
if (instanceOfSingletonClassExample == null)
instanceOfSingletonClassExample = new SingletonClassExample();
return instanceOfSingletonClassExample;
}
}
// A normal class where we will try to instantiate class SingletonClassExample
class LetsTryToInstaltiateSingletonClassExample
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
// instantiating Singleton class first time
SingletonClassExample first= SingletonClassExample.getInstanceOfSingletonClassExample();
// instantiating Singleton class second time
SingletonClassExample second= SingletonClassExample.getInstanceOfSingletonClassExample();
}
}
Output:
Object created
When you run above program, you will get print “Object
created.” only once while you have instantiated class twice. This is because of
singleton pattern. It will not create object of class again if already
initialized once.
How does Singleton pattern help in Selenium Webdriver?
Keep track of same driver instance throughout execution.
DBMS connectivity.
Loading external files like properties, excel etc once
rather than loading again and again.
Logger.
So wherever you feel, you should have single instance of any
class, you should use singleton design pattern.
For example: If database connection is already established, you should
not create new connection.
We will see implementation of singleton design pattern for
keep track of driver.
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
public class SingletonBrowserClass {
// instance of singleton class
private static SingletonBrowserClass instanceOfSingletonBrowserClass=null;
private WebDriver driver;
// Constructor
private SingletonBrowserClass(){
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver","./exefiles/chromedriver.exe");
driver= new ChromeDriver();
}
// TO create instance of class
public static SingletonBrowserClass getInstanceOfSingletonBrowserClass(){
if(instanceOfSingletonBrowserClass==null){
instanceOfSingletonBrowserClass = new SingletonBrowserClass();
}
return instanceOfSingletonBrowserClass;
}
// To get driver
public WebDriver getDriver()
{
return driver;
}
}
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
public class LuanchURL {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SingletonBrowserClass sbc1= SingletonBrowserClass.getInstanceOfSingletonBrowserClass();
WebDriver driver1 = sbc1.getDriver();
SingletonBrowserClass sbc2= SingletonBrowserClass.getInstanceOfSingletonBrowserClass();
WebDriver driver2 = sbc2.getDriver();
driver2.get("https://www.google.com");
}
}
Explanation: When you run LoadURL.java, you will see browser
will be launched and url will be opened in same browser. We have instantiated
two instance of class SingletonBrowserClass, but both give the same instance of
driver.
107. How to select an option in list box?
Answer: Please
refer below link
108. How do you count the total number of rows in a web
table?
Answer: Below is the sample script given
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.List;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
public class Noofrowsandcols {
public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException {
WebDriver wd;
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver","G://chromedriver.exe");
wd= new ChromeDriver();
wd.get("URL");
//No.of Columns
List col = wd.findElements(By.xpath(".//*[@id=\"leftcontainer\"]/table/thead/tr/th"));
System.out.println("No of cols are : " +col.size());
//No.of rows
List rows = wd.findElements(By.xpath(".//*[@id='leftcontainer']/table/tbody/tr/td[1]"));
System.out.println("No of rows are : " + rows.size());
wd.close();
}
}
109. How
to select a checkbox present in a grid?
Answer:
110. How
to get text from hidden elements?
Answer:
111. How do you attach screenshot to test, which tool is
using for screenshot attachment?
Answer: A task to take screenshot
Access http://google.com
Search for cars
Verify if there is any link containing the word “car”
Take screenshot
Adding screenshots to the report
String filePath = screenShotName.toString();
String path = "<img
src="\"file://"" alt="\"\"/"
/>";
Reporter.log(path);
Complete Working Code
public class TestNGDefaultReport {
static WebDriver driver;
@BeforeSuite
public void setup(){
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver","D:\\MyTest\\chromedriver.exe");
System.setProperty("org.uncommons.reportng.escape-output", "false");
driver = new ChromeDriver();
}
@BeforeMethod
public void beforeEachMethod(){
driver.get("http://google.com");
}
//Test case 1
@Test
public void cars() throws Exception {
System.out.println("I am Test method and I am searching for cars");
driver.findElement(By.name("q")).sendKeys("Cars");
driver.findElement(By.name("btnG")).click();
//Wait for the results to appear
Thread.sleep(2000);
takeScreenshot();
if(driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText("car")).isDisplayed()){
Assert.assertTrue(true);
}
else{
Assert.assertTrue(false);
}
}
@AfterSuite
public void endOfSuite(){
System.out.println("I am the end of suite");
driver.quit();
}
public static void takeScreenshot() throws Exception {
String timeStamp;
File screenShotName;
File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
//The below method will save the screen shot in d drive with name "screenshot.png"
timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss").format(Calendar.getInstance().getTime());
screenShotName = new File("D:\\MyTest\\Screenshots\\"+timeStamp+".png");
FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, screenShotName);
String filePath = screenShotName.toString();
String path = "<img src="\"file://"" alt="\"\"/" />";
Reporter.log(path);
}
}
You make you reports more meaningful and presentable by
adding screenshots to your reports.
112. How will you read CSV file and write some sample
code?
Answer: Below is the sample script given
package Test;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.util.List;
import au.com.bytecode.opencsv.CSVReader;
public class CSVReaderDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
String path = "C:\\Users\\Avinash\\Desktop\\csvtest.csv";
Reader reader = new FileReader(path);
CSVReader csvreader = new CSVReader(reader);
List<String[]> data = csvreader.readAll();
for(String[] d : data){
for(String c : d ){
System.out.println(c);
}
}
}
}
113. How to read data from properties file in Selenium?
Answer:
Properties File
Properties File
URL ::http://gmail.com
User name::testuser
Password::password123
Below is the sample script given
public class ReadFileData {
public static void main(String[] args) {
File file = new File("D:/ReadData.properties");
FileInputStream fileInput = null;
try {
fileInput = new FileInputStream(file);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Properties prop = new Properties();
//load properties file
try {
prop.load(fileInput);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get(prop.getProperty("URL"));
driver.findElement(By.id("Email")).sendKeys(prop.getProperty("username"));
driver.findElement(By.id("Passwd")).sendKeys(prop.getProperty("password"));
driver.findElement(By.id("SignIn")).click();
System.out.println("URL ::" + prop.getProperty("URL"));
System.out.println("User name::" +prop.getProperty("username"));
System.out.println("Password::" +prop.getProperty("password"));
}
}
114. How
to handle internationalization using Selenium WebDriver?
Answer:
115. How
to verify a particular image out of many images on a web page and verify its
size using Selenium WebDriver?
116. How do you find out Active elements using Selenium
WebDriver?
Answer: Below is the sample script given
public class ActiveElements {
WebDriver driver;
@Test
public void activeElementsTest() throws InterruptedException {
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver",
"C:\\Users\\Hitendra\\Downloads\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe");
driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.get("https://www.google.com/");
List<WebElement>list = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//*"));
System.out.println("Total Elements: "+list.size());
int enableCount=0;
int disableCount=0;
for(WebElement ele:list) {
boolean actualValue = ele.isEnabled();
if (actualValue) {
//System.out.println("Element is enabled: "+ele.getText());
enableCount=enableCount+1;
}
else {
//System.out.println("Element is disabled: "+ele.getText());
Thread.sleep(2000);
disableCount=disableCount+1;
}
}
System.out.println("Enable Element Count: "+enableCount);
System.out.println("Disable Element Count: "+disableCount);
driver.close();
}
}
Output:
Total Elements: 205
Enable Element Count: 204
Disable Element Count: 1
117. Write a code to click on a button which is inside a
nested iframe?
Answer: Please refer article on iframe below:
118. How to handle the dynamic alerts which don’t always
appear?
Answer: Below given webdriver code Is just for
example. It Is just explaining the way of using try catch block to handle
unexpected alert. You can use such try catch block In that area where you are
facing unexpected alerts very frequently.
Below is the sample script given:
public class unexpected_alert {
WebDriver driver = null;
@BeforeTest
public void setup() throws Exception {
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "D:\\Selenium Files\\geckodriver.exe");
driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
driver.get("URL");
}
@AfterTest
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
driver.quit();
}
@Test
public void Text() throws InterruptedException {
//To handle unexpected alert on page load.
try{
driver.switchTo().alert().dismiss();
}catch(Exception e){
System.out.println("unexpected alert not present");
}
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("fname");
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='lname']")).sendKeys("lname");
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@type='submit']")).click();
}
}
119. How
to verify whether the size of a div is 320px or not?
Answer:
120. How to check the cursor type changes on hovering on
a link?
Answer: Below
is a situation where I had to automate the test which checks that the checkbox
is read-only and the cursor does not change its type to 'pointer' after
hovering the mouse over that checkbox.
Here's how I achieved it with Selenium.
Solution : There is a CSS value to the element which may
change after the hover of the mouse on the element. We can capture the CSS
value with selenium's WebElement's method getCssValue().
Here's the test code :
@Test
public void testCursorDoesntChangeOnHover(){
//Identify the element on the hover of which you want to verify the pointer type
WebElement e = driver.findElement("Element Locator"));
System.out.println("Cursor before hovering on: " + e.getCssValue("cursor"));
System.out.println("Hovering on the element...");
//Hover the mouse over that element
Actions builder = new Actions(driver);
builder.moveToElement(e);
builder.build().perform();
//Check that the cusrsor does not change to pointer
String cursorTypeAfter = e.getCssValue("cursor");
System.out.println("Cursor after hovering on: " + cursorTypeAfter);
//Verify that the cursor type has not changed to 'pointer'
Assert.assertFalse(cursorTypeAfter.equalsIgnoreCase("pointer"), "Cursor type changed !");
}
121. How
to verify that the font-size of a text is 12px?
122. How to verify the presence of tooltips on a web
page?
Answer: Please refer below link
123. How to enter :(colon using web driver) ?
Answer: Please
refer below code
public class Colon {
WebDriver driver;
@Test
public void colonTest() {
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver",
"C:\\Users\\Hitendra\\Downloads\\chromedriver_win32\\chromedriver.exe");
driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.get("https://www.google.com/");
WebElement ele=driver.findElement(By.name("q"));
Actions act= new Actions(driver);
//act.keyDown(Keys.SHIFT);
act.moveToElement(ele).keyDown(Keys.SHIFT).perform();
driver.findElement(By.name("q")).sendKeys(Keys.SEMICOLON);
act.moveToElement(ele).keyUp(Keys.SHIFT).perform();
}
}
124. How
to check whether on click of an element ,a new tab will be opened before
clicking on that element?
125. How to type text in a new line inside a text area?
Answer: '\n'
is usually used to type text in a new line inside a textarea. So with Selenium
Webdriver, we can achieve this in following way:
WebElement webelement = driver.findElement(By.id("ele1"));
webelement.sendKeys(“This is line one.\n This is line
two.”);
126. How
to add the screenshot to result window?
127. How to enter date into date field using JavaScript
in WebDriver?
Answer: In old
applications, the datepicker was in old style, that is, it was a kind of
dropdowns, by using select class. But in new applications now, Datepicker are
not Select element.
Datepicker are in fact table with set of rows and columns.
To select a date, you just have to navigate to the cell where our desired date
is present.
So, to handle this datePicker, we will write a java script,
in which firstly we will enable the datebox (which is restricted by default to
enter the value manually rather than selecting it from calendar pop-up). Then
We will clear that filed & then enter the date by using sendKeys() method.
Below is the sample script given
Below is the sample script given
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
public class HandleDatePcikerUsingJavaScript {
public static void main(String[] args) {
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.navigate().to("https://www.redbus.in/");
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
driver.manage().window().maximize();
//This will select From date
WebElement elementFromDate = driver.findElement(By.id("onward_cal"));
((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript ("document.getElementById('onward_cal').removeAttribute('readonly',0);"); // Enables the from date box
elementFromDate.clear();
elementFromDate.sendKeys("18-Aug-2017"); //Enter date in required format
}
}
128. How to take complete screen shot of the application?
Answer: What is aShot?
aShot is a WebDriver Screenshot utility. It takes a
screenshot of the WebElement on different platforms (i.e. desktop browsers, iOS
Simulator Mobile Safari, Android Emulator Browser).
aShot might be configured to handle browsers with the
viewport problem. This gives a screenshot of the entire page even for Chrome,
Mobile Safari, etc
Below mentioned script shows how to capture full page
screenshot using Selenium WebDriver:
import java.io.File;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import ru.yandex.qatools.ashot.AShot;
import ru.yandex.qatools.ashot.Screenshot;
import ru.yandex.qatools.ashot.shooting.ShootingStrategies;
public class FullPageScreenshot {
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{
//Modify the path of the GeckoDriver in the below step based on your local system path
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver","D://Selenium Environment//Drivers//geckodriver.exe");
// Instantiation of driver object. To launch Firefox browser
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
// To oepn URL "https://automationtestinginsider.com"
driver.get("https://www.automationtestinginsider.com");
Thread.sleep(2000);
Screenshot fpScreenshot = new AShot().shootingStrategy(ShootingStrategies.viewportPasting(1000)).takeScreenshot(driver);
ImageIO.write(fpScreenshot.getImage(),"PNG",new File("D:///FullPageScreenshot.png"));
}
}
129. How to take the screen shot of required element?
Answer: We can
get the element screenshot by cropping entire page screenshot as below:
driver.get("http://www.google.com");
WebElement ele = driver.findElement(By.id("hplogo"));
// Get entire page screenshot
File screenshot =
((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
BufferedImage fullImg
= ImageIO.read(screenshot);
// Get the location of element on the page
Point point = ele.getLocation();
// Get width and height of the element
int eleWidth = ele.getSize().getWidth();
int eleHeight = ele.getSize().getHeight();
// Crop the entire page screenshot to get only element
screenshot
BufferedImage eleScreenshot=
fullImg.getSubimage(point.getX(), point.getY(),
eleWidth,
eleHeight);
ImageIO.write(eleScreenshot, "png", screenshot);
// Copy the element screenshot to disk
File screenshotLocation = new
File("C:\\images\\GoogleLogo_screenshot.png");
FileUtils.copyFile(screenshot, screenshotLocation);
130. How
to get the partial server message using Selenium WebDriver?
131. How to scroll the web page by (30%,80%) using
Selenium WebDriver?
Answer: Refer to the Selenium script below, for
performing a scroll down action on the Firefox browser.
import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
public class HandleScroll
{
@Test
public void scrollDown()
{
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver","D://Selenium Environment//Drivers//geckodriver.exe");
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.navigate().to("Website URL");
//to perform Scroll on application using Selenium
JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
js.executeScript("window.scrollBy(0,350)", "");
}
}
Output: The code initializes Gecko driver for
Firefox. Then the Firefox browser is launched, and it navigates to the
specified website URL. Once the website loads, the browser window is vertically
scrolled down by 350 pixels.
If a user needs to scroll up, they just need to modify the
pixel value of the second parameter (in this case 350) to negative value
(-350).
132. How to handle Confirmation Pop-Up?
Answer: Please refer below link
133. How
to specify some delay in loading WebPage?
134. How to automate videos?
Answer: Testing
a video is always a challenging task. Most of the video based web sites are
manually tested & are out of scope of automation.
However, the javascript executor in selenium webdriver will
enable us to play around with the video components. Thus, few of the test
scenarios w.r.t video testing can be automated using the below approach.
Below is the sample script given
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "ChromeDriver Path");
WebDriver driver= new ChromeDriver();
//Open the page containing video component.
driver.get("URL");
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
//If video is placed in embed tag or iframe, navigate to the source.
//However, we can even switch to frame. [Else, skip this step]
WebElement elm = driver.findElement(By.id("video_iframe"));
String urlStr = elm.getAttribute("src");
System.out.println("Video Url : " + urlStr);
driver.navigate().to(urlStr);
cdrv.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
//Click on play button
jse.executeScript("jwplayer().play();");
Thread.sleep(2000);
//Pause
jse.executeScript("jwplayer().pause()");
Thread.sleep(2000);
//Play
jse.executeScript("jwplayer().play();");
Thread.sleep(2000);
// Set Volume
Thread.sleep(2000);
jse.executeScript("jwplayer().setVolume(50);");
Thread.sleep(2000);
//Mute Player
jse.executeScript("jwplayer().setMute(true);");
Thread.sleep(2000);
//UnMute Player
jse.executeScript("jwplayer().setMute(false);");
Thread.sleep(2000);
//Stop the player
jse.executeScript("jwplayer().stop()");
Thread.sleep(2000);
driver.quit();
135. How
do you manage re-running only failed test cases?
Answer:
136. Write a program to find all options from a drop-down
& then Sort them?
Answer: Please refer below program
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;
public class ValidationOfSortedDropdownAscending {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
// Launching browser
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver","./exefiles/chromedriver.exe");
WebDriver driver= new ChromeDriver();
// Launching URL
driver.get("URL");
// Locating select tag web element
WebElement singleSelectTagDropdownWebElement= driver.findElement(By.id("SingleDD"));
Select dropdown = new Select(singleSelectTagDropdownWebElement);
// Get all options
List allOptionsElement = dropdown.getOptions();
// Creating a list to store drop down options
List options = new ArrayList();
// Storing options in list
for(WebElement optionElement : allOptionsElement)
{
options.add(optionElement.getText());
}
// Removing "Select" option as it is not actual option
options.remove("Select");
// Default order of option in drop down
System.out.println("Options in dropdown with Default order :"+options);
// Creating a temp list to sort
List tempList = new ArrayList<>(options);
// Sort list ascending
Collections.sort(tempList);
System.out.println("Sorted List "+ tempList);
// equals() method checks for two lists if they contain the same elements in the same order.
boolean ifSortedAscending = options.equals(tempList);
if(ifSortedAscending)
{
System.out.println("List is sorted");
}
else
System.out.println("List is not sorted.");
driver.quit();
}
}
137. How to click a button without using click() and
without using CSS & XPath selectors?
Answer: Using
the non-native Javascript Executor:
((JavascriptExecutor)
driver).executeScript("arguments[0].click();", yourelement);
or by using Javascript Library:
JavascriptLibrary jsLib = new JavascriptLibrary();`
jsLib.callEmbeddedSelenium(driver,
"triggerMouseEventAt", we, "click", "0,0");
138. How to run Selenium WebDriver script in Firefox
browser using DesiredCapabilities?
Answer: Below is the sample script given
public class Second {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// System Property for Gecko Driver
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver","D:\\GeckoDriver\\geckodriver.exe" );
// Initialize Gecko Driver using Desired Capabilities Class
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.firefox();
capabilities.setCapability("marionette",true);
WebDriver driver= new FirefoxDriver(capabilities);
// Launch Website
driver.navigate().to("https://www.google.com/");
// Click on the Search text box and send value
driver.findElement(By.name("q")).sendKeys("Java");
}
}
139. How
to handle Untrusted SSL certificate error in IE browser?
140. How to refresh a page without using context click?
Answer:
1. Using sendKeys method
driver.findElement(By.id("firstname-placeholder")).sendKeys(Keys.F5);
2. Using navigate.refresh() method
driver.navigate().refresh();
3. Using navigate.to() method
driver.navigate().to(driver.getCurrentUrl());
4. Using get() method
driver.get(driver.getCurrentUrl());
141. Can
you send a code for printing in selenium?
Answer:
142. How to get the name of browser using Web Driver?
Answer: You can use below code to know browser name,
version and OS details:
Capabilities cap = ((RemoteWebDriver)
driver).getCapabilities();
String browserName = cap.getBrowserName().toLowerCase();
System.out.println(browserName);
String os = cap.getPlatform().toString();
System.out.println(os);
String v = cap.getVersion().toString();
System.out.println(v);
143. How to get text from captcha image?
Answer:
driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[@id='SkipCaptcha']")).click();
String attr =
ie.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[@id='SkipCaptcha']")).getAttribute("value");
System.out.println("The value of the attribute 'Name' is " + attr);
144. Is there a way to click hidden LINK in web driver?
Answer: First store that element in object, let's say
element and then write following code to click on that hidden element:
JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;
js.executeScript("arguments[0].click();",
element);
145. How to disable cookies in browser.?
Answer: Firefox
FirefoxProfile profile = new
ProfilesIni().getProfile("default");
profile.setPreference("network.cookie.cookieBehavior",
2);
driver = new FirefoxDriver(profile);
Chrome
Map prefs = new HashMap();
prefs.put("profile.default_content_settings.cookies",
2);
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.setExperimentalOptions("prefs", prefs);
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
146. How
to change user agent in Firefox by selenium web driver.?
147. How to ZIP files in Selenium with an Example?
Answer: How to
ZIP a file in SELENIUM
Steps to ZIP(Compare with Code and understand)
1. Create an File object for the SOURCE FOLDER, in which
files are present.
2. Create another File object for the destination folder,
for ZIP file.
3. Create a ZipOutputStream Object.
4. Create a BufferedInputStream Object.
5. Create a Byte Array Object of size 1000.
6. Create a String Array, and collect all files from SOURCE
FOLDER as
LIST using File Object for source folder.
7. Loop through String Array and for each element perform
below action.
8. INSIDE FOR LOOP
1. Get the SOURCE
FOLDER path and append each file to the path
with default
size, and put it in BufferedInputStream Object.
2. Through
ZipOutputStream Object, make an ZIP Entry for each File.
3. Through While
Loop read the data bit by bit untill 1000 bytes from
BufferedInputStream
Object and write to ZipOutputStream Object.
9. INSIDE WHILE
LOOP
1. Read the
BufferedInputStream Object.
2. Write to
ZipOutputStream Object.
4. After writing make a Close Entry using ZipOutputStream
Object.
5. Flush the data using ZipOutputStream Object.
6. Close the ZipOutputStream Object.
———————————————————————–
try
{
File inFolder=new File(“D:\\sel\\framework\\tests”);
File outFolder=new File(“D:\\sel\\framework\\results\\results.zip”);
ZipOutputStream out = new ZipOutputStream(new BufferedOutputStream(
new FileOutputStream(outFolder)));
BufferedInputStream in = null;
byte[] data = new byte[1000];
String files[] = inFolder.list();
for (int i=0; i<files.length; i++)
{
in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream
(inFolder.getPath() + “/” + files[i]), 1000);
out.putNextEntry(new ZipEntry(files[i]));
int count;
while((count = in.read(data,0,1000)) != -1)
{
out.write(data, 0, count);
}
out.closeEntry();
}
out.flush();
out.close();
}
catch(Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
148. Write
program for checking mails and deleting them?
Answer:
149. Write a program to return the number of rows and columns
in a web-table?
Answer:
Image
We need to get WebElement of <tbody> tag, so that we
can get the count of <tr> tags & ultimately total number of rows in
the web table.
So, Below is the sample code, with which we can get total
number of rows in the web table.
WebElement TogetRows =
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//table[@id='users_table']/tbody"));
List<WebElement>TotalRowsList =
TogetRows.findElements(By.tagName("tr"));
System.out.println("Total number of Rows in the table
are : "+ TotalRowsList.size());
In order to get total number of columns in the web table,
what we need to do is, count total number of <td> tags in first
<tr> tagname.
Below is the sample code, with which we can get total number
of columns easily.
WebElement ToGetColumns = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//table[@id='users_table']/tbody/tr"));
List<WebElement> TotalColsList =
ToGetColumns.findElements(By.tagName("td"));
System.out.println("Total Number of Columns in the
table are: "+TotalColsList.size());
150. 3 frames one upon another, how to switch without
passing index, web-element, string and integer?
Answer: Please
refer below link
https://www.automationtestinginsider.com/2020/02/handling-iframes-in-selenium-webdriver.html
Some times when there are multiple Frames (Frame in side a
frame), we need to first switch to the parent frame and then we need to switch
to the child frame. below is the code snippet to work with multiple frames.
public void switchToFrame(String ParentFrame, String ChildFrame) {
try {
driver.switchTo().frame(ParentFrame).switchTo().frame(ChildFrame);
System.out.println("Navigated to innerframe with id " + ChildFrame
+ "which is present on frame with id" + ParentFrame);
} catch (NoSuchFrameException e) {
System.out.println("Unable to locate frame with id " + ParentFrame
+ " or " + ChildFrame + e.getStackTrace());
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Unable to navigate to innerframe with id "
+ ChildFrame + "which is present on frame with id"
+ ParentFrame + e.getStackTrace());
}
}
After working with the frames, main important is to come back to the web page. if we don't switch back to the default page, driver will throw an exception. Below is the code snippet to switch back to the default content.
public void switchtoDefaultFrame() {
try {
driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
System.out.println("Navigated back to webpage from frame");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out
.println("unable to navigate back to main webpage from frame"
+ e.getStackTrace());
}
}
151. How
to handle security questions -- 3 security questions and changes every time.
152. How to switch from frame to main window? With
syntax.
Answer: After working with the frames, main important
is to come back to the web page. if we don't switch back to the default page,
driver will throw an exception. Below is the code snippet to switch back to the
default content.
public void switchtoDefaultFrame() {
try {
driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
System.out.println("Navigated back to webpage from frame");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out
.println("unable to navigate back to main webpage from frame"
+ e.getStackTrace());
}
}
153. I have 10 window, how to switch 5th window?
Answer: Please refer below link
154. How
to show the output of the two commands - eco %path%, set
155. How to handle frames when there is no frame id or
name present in the frame source?
Answer: You can use cssSelector,
driver.switchTo().frame(driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("iframe[title='Fill
Quote']")));
156. How to download file using selenium
Answer: Please refer below link
157. How
to close multiple windows in reverse order?
158. How to select the element from dropdown without
using select class?
Answer:
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.Keys;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.interactions.Actions;
public class SelectFromDropDown {
public static void main(String[] args) {
WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://makemytrip.com/");
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div//span[2][contains(@class,'flL travelers rght_space room_sec1')]")).click();
Actions act = new Actions(driver);
act.sendKeys(Keys.chord(Keys.DOWN,Keys.DOWN)).perform(); //press down key two times to select 3
}
}
159. How
to perform double click without using selenium?
160. How to handle dynamic web pages?
Answer: A page that has dynamic content has elements
of the page that are hidden when you first get to the website. For example, if
you were to press a button on a page and it loaded new content, like a pop-up
form, without going to another page, that’s a dynamic website. It can also be a
user-specific web page that changes day-to-day depending on when it’s accessed,
where it’s accessed, user preferences, etc.
Selenium’s Solution
Selenium actually has two built-in solutions for testing
dynamic loading content that we recommend you should use: the explicit and the
implicit wait.
Please refer below very good article on waits
162. How
to skip a particular cell value?
163. How
to find text/values in the webtable using single line of code in selenium?
164. How
to click last element of a webpage
165. How to handle drop down when drop down not present
in select tag
Answer: Please
refer below link
166. How
to verify text sent through senkeys correct or not?
167. How to verify an object on multiple pages
Answer: It depends on the framework structure you're
following to verify an object. If you're following Page object model (POM),
then create a base class and define the locator of an object you want to
verify. Method to verify its presence looks like (in Java):
driver.findElement(by)
or using dynamic wait
as:
WebDriverWait wait =
new WebDriverWait(webDriver, 60);
wait.until(new
ExpectedCondition<Boolean>() {
@Override
public Boolean
apply(WebDriver driver) {
if(driver.findElement(by) != null)
return true;
return false;
}
});
168. How
to Find particular cell in excell sheet
169. Want to click 5 times.on first click stale element
how to handle?
170. How to read excel from xml?
171. How to parse the data to xml?
172. How to scroll bar without java script?
173. How to handle prompt msg which disappears in 2 sec?
174. How to handle ascending drop down?
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